Improvement in permutation locks



denied mes @aient @wird WILLOUGHBY F. KISTLER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO HALLS SAFE AND LOCK COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

Letters Patent No. 105,091, dated July 5, 1870.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same To all whom itmay concern:

Be it known that I, WILLOUGHBY F. KIsTLEn., of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain Improvements in Burglar-Proof and Combination Locks, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompany.- inf.,r drawing. p

My invention relates to burglar-proof and combination locks, and consists in the novel construction of the spindle, in connection with a conical nut.

Also, in the employment or use of short pins for preventing the parts of the tumblers from sliding -in the least upon one another.

Also, in providing the disk connected with the spindle in the interior ofthe lool: with a peculiarly-shaped slot, for compelling the dog to drop into the tumblers, when gated, during a very short movement of' the disk, as hereinafter' explained.

In the drawing- Fignre 1 is a plan view of the interior of the lock,

with the back part of its case, and with the brace or cross-piece supporting the arbor and tumblers thereon, removed.

Figure 2 isa view of a part detached. Figure 3 is a cross-section of lan annular plate detached from one of the tumblers.

Figure 4 is -a side or face view ci' one of the tumblers, with a portion of its annular plate broken away, and with a friction-spring bearing against it.

Figure 5 is a cross-section of one of the tumble-rs mounted on the arbor, showing a portion of the arbor in perspective, the balance being broken oli.

Figure 6 is a vertical cross-section of the lock, with all its parts in place, on the line :o e: of iig. l.

The case A of the lock is constructed in theusnal manner, and of any form desired, its rear side, B, shown in iig. 6, being removable.

The spindle C is made small, and o't uniform diameter, with a screw-thread -extending, from its inner toward its front end, as far as desirable'or necessary. This spindle may be inserted from either side.

If inserted from the front side, the knob and dialplate D can be connected to it before it is inserted.

After being inserted, a double conical-shaped or tapered nut, E, covering a ,considerable` portion of its length, is screwed upon it from the inside of the door on which the lock is placed.i and this nut is held in place by another nut, F, screwed into a recess made for it in the inside of the door, and then on the inner end of the spindle, and within the case of the lock a disk, a, with a deep shoulder or body, l), is attached, all as clearly shown in iig. 6.

As .the spindle C only requires to be strong enough to operate the lock, it can be made of small diameter, and, together with the nut B, which is long, tapering, and with acomparatively thin shell or body, can, with the screw-threads on each, be thoroughly hardened.`

ing the spindle in, when it tapers from the knob, or byv drilling or cutting it out. The spindle constructed as herein described, with the nut attached, it will be seen, can neither be withdrawn or ldriven from its position, and it cannot be drilled or cut out, because it 4is so small and hard that no tools can be brought to bear effectively upon it.

The tumbler-s G of' the lock are all constructed in a similar manner.

Each consists of three annular plates, e'j' g, constructed and'arranged as clearly shown in 'igs. 4 and 5, so that the middle plate f may be held by the other two, e and g, which are fastened-by screws. l

The plate e is provided on its edge with a gate, h and on a line with the bottom of' this gate, and concentric with its periphery, it is made thicker, the edge of this enlargement being raised, so as'to form a flange, k, with acurved surface, as a bearing for a frictionspring, t, as shown in iig. 4.

Below the flange lt' the plate is recessed, and in this recess. isl placed the middle plate j, constructed as shown iu iig. 5, so as to have its central portion form a part of the face-of the tumbler on each side, and so as to be held by the outside plates when the same arc drawn together by the screws l, m, and a, the latter having a square hole through it for the insert-ion ot' a key, H, as hereinafter explained.

Thev annular plate g is so constructed and arranged that, when held'by the screwsl and 1n alone, the screw a being loosened, it will release its -hold on the plate f, and allow it to turn loosely and freely between the plates e and g, but, when the nut a is tightened, it is held fixed.

On this plate f are pins, p, which engage with corresponding pins on the next adjoining tumblers,-and this plate is held .immovably within the others by means of two hardenedsteel pins, r, rigidly attached to plates g. These pins r have sharp points, as seen in iigs. 3 and 5, which, when the. plates g and c are drawn tightly together by the nut a, bind them rmly together, so that they cannot move on one another.

The tumblers, thus constructed, are mounted ou an arbor, I, having hubs J upon it, as shown in iig. 5,

arranged so as not to turn on the arbor, the tumbler-s turning on the hubs.

There is a hub for each tumbler, and it is provided with a flange, o, as shown in the same gure, to keep the tumblersapart, so that they may move independent of eachother. l

The arbor I is attached to a cross-piece, K, made l triangular, as shown in fig. 2, or in any other suitable shape, and this cross-piece is attached to the case within its back plate, as shown in'g. 6, so that the center of the arbor will be in line with-the center of the spindle.

To the inner lower side'of the 4case A is attached' a series of spring-arms, fi, with a grooved friction-plate, s, on their ends, so arranged that the end of each spring will bear against the corresponding or opposite flange la of each tumbler, as shown in fig. 6, so that the tnmblers can only be moved by the application of some direct, positive means, and thus preventing their movement by shaking or jarring, when such means are tried for gating them. Friction-springs may be used in some other form, but I have found the form above described effective.

To the bolt L of the lock is pivoted an arm, M, havingrits free end provided with a pin, t, which enters a slot, u,- in an arm, N, pivoted to the case A, as shown in tig. 1.

The freeend of the arluM is turned down at right angles )vith its length, so as to form a ca teh or bearing lfor an arm, P, Vattached to the disk a, to engage with, in order to withdraw the bolt, the arm P afterward carrying the bolt forward by bearing against a 'shoulder, e', on its near side, as shown Ain the same figure. l

The free end of the arm N has a pin, b', projecting from its side, below the slot u, which, when the tnmf blers are gated, enters a slot, c', shaped as clearly shown in said iig.'], and, in entering it, a dogMR, attached to and projecting from the same arm, enters `into the gates ot' the tnmblers, as `shown in tig. 6.

The slot c' in the disk a enters yit first at an angle, arid then runs concentric with the edge of the disk, and the pin b' only falls or passes into this slot when the gates of the tnmblers are in a line, so as to allow the dog R to drop into them. The length of this slot is determined by, or determines the length of the 4 'movement of `the holt.

When the tumblers are not gated, the pin 1) is held up from the periphery of the disk a by the dog R, which rests on the edges of the tumblers, and which also holds 4up the arm M and N, so that the arm P may pass freely under without touching them.

1n operating the lock, the combination being known, it is only necesssary t-ogate the tumblers, which is done by turning the disk a, by means f the knob D,

a-pin, d', on the disk engaging with a corresponding pinon the tumblers 'next to it, and so on, for the purpose. At the moment the tumblers are gated the pin b' enters the slot in the disk, and the dog R enters the gat-es in the tnmblers, thus allowing the arms M and N to drop down, when, by a continued movement of' the disk a, its arm'P engages with the arm M pivoted ,to the bolt, and withdraws the bolt.

When for any reason it is desired to change the combination of the tumblers, a pin, s, is placed in a hole made in the rear side of the case, so as to pass under the end ot' the dog R, and hold it and its connections, the arms M and' N, up free from the disk a and tumblers G5' then the key H is inserted through the lrear of the case, and, as the tumblers are now supposed to be gated, on through the nuts n in the tumblels, until its extreme end, which is round, enters a bearing, c'.- The `key H is then turned, and with it, of course, thc nuts n in the tumblers, whichreleascs the middle plate ot the tumblers, upon which are the engaging-pins, so that the whole are free for being set on a new combination, as desired, and, when so set, it is only lnecessary to turn the key H to lockthem, the middle plates, in their new position. In this way, it will be seen, a new combination can be made without taking out any portion of the lock.

Having thus described my invention,

What I claim is- 1. In a burglar-proof lock, a hardened steel spindle, C, of uniform size, in combination with a conical-shaped nut, E, made of steel and hardened, constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination with the plates of the tumblers G, the steel pins lr, constructed' and arranged substan tially as and for the' purpose set forth.

3. In connection with a spindle, arranged independent of the arbor upon which the tumblers are mounted, a disk, a', having a slot, c, of-nniform width, entering its periphery at an angle, ,and then running concentric with the periphery, when constructed and arranged so that the pin o and the arm It, both of the arm N, shall enter the slot c and the gates of the tuniblers respectively at the same time, in the manner substantially as inici-ein shown and described, and for the purpose set ort-h. WILLOUGHBY F. KISTLER.

Witnesses H. B. MUNN, Pmn. T. DODGE, 

